https://lithub.com/what-happens-when-humans-show-up-on-the-ecosystem-beneath-our-feet/
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“These paleosols are separated from true soil due to the lack of one key ingredient: organic matter.”
“Over the course of the next billion years, life on Earth slowly began to take shape.”
“Photo by Frank Ashwood.”
“This was perhaps the planet’s first mass extinction event.”
“Lit Hub Daily October 2, 2026 William T.”
“Those first examples were devoid of plants or animals and had developed in an atmosphere without oxygen.”
“Around 2.1 billion years ago, the “Great Oxidation Event” happened.”
“Springtails are the earliest known pollinators, distributing spores from the first land plants.”
“The term is perhaps better known when used to describe an aircraft’s data and audio flight recording devices.”
“They are shortly followed, at 10:00 p.m., by our ancestors, the marine vertebrates, crawling up onto the land.”
“At 9:58 p.m., the first forests spread across the planet, their litter and deep root systems rapidly accelerating soil development into a form recognizable to us today.”
“These first colonizers affixed themselves to the bare rocky ground with a new and game-changing innovation: roots.”
“We humans owe our entire existence to lumpy microbial mats such as those still found at Hamelin Bay.”
“__________________________________ Excerpted from The World Beneath Our Feet by Frank Ashwood.”
“Even now, modern mosses and liverworts still have rhizoids rather than the complex, burrowing roots of vascular plants.”
“However, these very early soils were instead chemically weathered by water and possibly atmospheric gases.”
“Modern soils are produced by biological weathering of rocks, with the mineral component coming from the bedrock (or “C-horizon”).”
“and begin contributing organic matter to the loose mineral particles.”
“Merryl Goldberg Welcome to The Wiregrass, Where Corruption Is Rampant, Contradictions Abound, and Cynicism Reigns Supreme October 1, 2026 by Matt Kessler The Best Reviewed Books of the Week "The plot here like the plots in the previous three Mandel novels I've read is…" The Latest How the American Media Manipulated the Public to Support War in Iraq “You Have to Love It.” Brittany Cavallaro on Writing for Young Adults It’s a Wonderful Life Embodies the Best of America"> It’s a Wonderful Life Embodies the Best of America">How Jimmy Stewart in It’s a Wonderful Life Embodies the Best of America What Happens When Humans Show Up: On the Ecosystem Beneath Our Feet Literary Hub Created by Grove Atlantic and Electric Literature Masthead About Sign Up For Our Newsletters How to Pitch Lit Hub Advertisers: Contact Us Privacy Policy Support Lit Hub - Become A Member If you buy books linked on our site, Lit Hub may earn a commission from Bookshop.org , whose fees support independent bookstores.”
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